Each kebele has institutional arrangements such as development teams. Institutional functionality in participatory integrated watershed. Community adoption of watershed management practices at. This comparative study between six watershed programs shows that this approach increases farmers food security and incomes around 50% on average, as well as their. Mar 16, 2012 watershed management experiences in amhara region, ethiopia 1. Community based participatory watershed development. Overcoming limited information through participatory. Watershed management approaches, policies, and operations. Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities within the watershed boundary. Assessment of the effectiveness of watershed management. However its implementation has not been successful in most cases, due to various barriers.
Ethiopia has adopted the principles of integrated water resources management iwrm in its water resources management policy and has already put in place water legislations, strategy, and program for their implementation. Comprehensive impact assessment of watershed management. For several decades, integrated and sustainable watershed management has been suggested and tried in several countries in the world, as an effective way to address complex water and land resource challenges. Sustainable participatory watershed management is an approach promoted by the ethiopian government to restore natural resources and agricultural productivity across the country. Integrated watershed management in ethiopia farm africa. Oct 18, 2012 integrated watershed management iwm is an advanced land management approach that has been widely implemented in tigray region of northern ethiopia since 2004. Evaluating watershed management activities of campaign work.
Community adoption of watershed management practices at kindo. Each kebele has institutional arrangements such as development teams comprising 335 households, and 5person labor. Thus, watershed management implies the judicious use of. Watershed management on gibe omo basin proceeding of the national workshop in integrated watershed management on gibe omo basin jimma university and gilgel gibe site 2325 december 2010, ethiopia jimma university ju heinrich boll foundation hbf sustainable land use forum sluf ethiopian electric power. Ethiopia managing water resources to maximize sustainable growth country water resources assistance strategy report no. Mar 29, 2018 integrated and sustainable watershed management is an effective way to address complex water and land resource challenges and its implementation has not been successful in most countries including ethiopia. In order to have a practical solution to above problem it is necessary to go through four phases for a full scale watershed management. The area is threatened with erosion and loss of agricultural productivity. Pdf integrated watershed management as an effective.
Coinciding with the project launch, the ethiopia country office facilitated a consultative and planning workshop at the beginning of february with farmers, village and district administrators, development agents, district and regional experts, agriculture and nrm office heads, researchers and ngo epresentatives in wukro, tigray, for the enhancing integrated watershed. Watershed management experiences in amhara region fentahun mengistu dr. The general aim of this study was to analyze to what extent the iwm approach is effective in curbing land degradation in the fragile drylands of the enabered watershed in tigray. From that time up to the late 1990s, most of the swc activities were tailored towards reducing soil erosion rather than enhancing agricultural production. Watershed management watershed management is the process of guiding and organizing land and other resources use in a watershed to provide desired goods and services without adversely affecting land resources brooks et al. In ethiopia, this approach is new and requires appropriate strategies to overcome the barriers and practice effective integrated and sustainable watershed management. Ethiopia ethiopia is a large country having 1 million hectares that is endowed with diverse climatic and physiographic. In spite of substantial progress in watershed management practice in ethiopia, land degradation and. The long term community based participatory watershed management could be an appropriate vehicle for improvement of living conditions of rural communities. Coinciding with the project launch, the ethiopia country office facilitated a consultative and planning workshop at the beginning of february with farmers, village and district administrators, development agents, district and regional experts, agriculture and nrm office heads, researchers and ngo epresentatives in wukro, tigray, for the enhancing integrated watershed management with climate. Ethiopian highlands hailing as the cradle of humanity and home to about 80% of the population helped shelter from foreign conquest and making a strong base of rural community.
Major objectives of the watershed management program are. Scaling up an integrated watershed management approach. Sep 03, 2016 therefore, this seminar paper is aimed to evaluate the historical perspectives and present scenarios of watershed management in ethiopia. Managing watersheds for resilient livelihoods in ethiopia. Rainfed crops, mostly cereals, are cultivated in the atter 14 b. Other organizations have also played a relevant role in promoting watershed management planning in ethiopia in various regions and weredas. Watershed management involves determination of alternative land treatment measures for, which information about problems of land, soil, water and vegetation in the watershed is essential. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of watershed management intervention in chena woreda. Working paper 123 international water management institute. From the mid 1990s, water management was placed into the overall context of river basins and to examine the interlinking hydrologic, socioeconomic and environmental aspects of water management at multiple scales. Apr 30, 2018 this study investigated factors affecting farmers participation in watershed management programs in the northeastern highlands of ethiopia by taking the teleyayen subwatershed as a case study. Watershed management interventions such as soil and water conservation swc andor water harvesting wh are crucial to improve the provision of goods and services of rainfed agriculture in ethiopia.
Lakew desta, capacity building and networking advisor at tbiwrdp tanabeles integrated water resources development project,ethiopia, was one of the contributors to the guidelines. The catholic relief services country office in ethiopia commissioned a study in april 2009 to evaluate outcomes from its integrated watershed management iwm strategy and program. In this program, integrated participatory watershed management planning is. Proceeding of the national workshop on integrated watershed. Water shed is an area bounded by the divide line of water flow.
Watershed management project amarew to test integrated watershed management techniques in ethiopia. The paper is structured into five main sections which include the history, practices, approaches, lessons learned and the challenges of watershed management in ethiopia. Practices at kindo didaye district, southern ethiopia. Assess household participation and management practices in the study area. Ethiopia through watershed development moard, 2005. Amhara regional agricultural research institute arari stakeholders workshop on enhancing communitiesadaptive capacity to climate change induced water scarcity in kabe watershed. Amarew final report amhara microenterprise development, agricultural research, extension and watershed management project in ethiopia july 2002 december 2007 report prepared by amarew project technical advisors virginia tech. Community adoption of watershed management practices at kindo didaye district, southern ethiopia.
In amhara region, watershed management was merely considered as a practice of soil and water conservation. Abstract natural resource degradation is both a cause and a result of poverty in ethiopia. Integrated watershed management approach is the process. Watershed approach to conservation and development 2. According to the central statistical agency of ethiopia projection csa 2005 from the 1994 census, the total projected population in ethiopia for 2006 was estimated to be 75,067,000, about 85 percent of which lives in the rural areas depending on subsistence.
Also there is no enough understanding on integrated watershed management in most parts of the country including southwestern part of ethiopia. Watershed management in the abayachamo basin, south ethiopia 9 knowledge about water and soil management with modern techniques of agricultural and water resources engineering, in order to meet the current socioeconomic demands for the. Evaluating watershed management activities of campaign. Integrated watershed management iwm is an approach that uses collective action by a group of people reliant on a watershed area to proactively manage the. Chapter 4 lake water management in three ethiopian rift. Scaling up an integrated watershed management approach through social protection programmes in ethiopia. Brhane gebrekidan chief of party and senior research advisor, dr. Integrated watershed management research for developing countries workshop report by k. Impact of participatory integrated watershed management on. Communitybased, participatory integrated watershed 48 management as an approach to climate change adaptation in haro jila and wurba watersheds paper 1. Ethiopia, among early adopters, has developed a water policy, legislations, and strategy per iwrm core principles. Watershed management on gibe omo basin proceeding of the national workshop in integrated watershed management on gibe omo basin jimma university and gilgel gibe site 2325 december 2010, ethiopia jimma university ju heinrich boll foundation hbf sustainable land use forum sluf ethiopian electric power corporation eepco. Tamil nadu, india abstract the early watershed development programme in india launched in the year 1974 and the subsequent.
Both watersheds are almost entirely comprised of subsistence farming. Keeping these in view the study entitled watershed management in highlands of ethiopia. Integrated watershed development implementation of integrated watershed management iwsm is the key agenda of government which. This study evaluates watershed management activities and its socioeconomic and biophysical role. Managing water resources to maximize sustainable growth. Watershed is not only a hydrological unit for hydrologist but also a sociopoliticalecological entity for rural community. This paper is aimed to evaluate the historical perspectives and present scenarios of watershed management in ethiopia. The environmental regulatory context there is a formal environmental regulatory framework in ethiopia within which irrigation schemes must be developed and operate under the constitution of the country and the state regions. Gebrehaweria gebrehaweria gebregziabher, dereje assefa abera, girmay gebresamuel, meredith giordano and.
Factors affecting farmers participation in watershed. Yet, integrated watershed management goes beyond the. Integrated water resources management iwrm has been a dominant paradigm for water sector reform worldwide over the past two decades. The evaluation found that the crs iwm program has made significant positive changes in the lives and livelihoods of rural households. Present and future trends in natural resources management in agriculture. An integrated watershed rainwater management paradigm for. Improving adaptive capacities of farmers through rainwater 63 harvesting in wurba watershed, shoa robit woreda, ethiopia. Chapter 9 towards integrated watershed management for resource conservation.
Evaluating an integrated watershed management in the northern ethiopia article pdf available january 2011 with 917 reads how we measure reads. Ngo and donor implemented watershed development programs in india and suggested a shift in focus away from a purely engineering and structural focus to a deeper concern with livelihood issues raju et al. Abstract agriculture is the backbone of the ethiopian economy engaging more than 85% of the. This includes land improvements, rehabilitation and other technical works as well as the human considerations. An integrated watershed rainwater management paradigm for ethiopia. But, it became the prominent after the recurrent malnutrition and famine. Intergovernmental challenges of watershed management. Therefore, this research was conducted in sheka watershed, ethiopia, with the objective of assessing impact of iwsm on selected ecological benefits. Water management means properly organizing the hydrosphere in order to prevent major water crisis in future. Tesfa worku,sangharsh kumar tripathi, 2015 watershed management in highlands of ethiopia. However, its effects have not been evaluated in many microwatersheds. Intergovernmental challenges of watershed management of organizations bounded by a common orientation such as a policy area, problem, type of service, or a geographic area.
It is now widely accepted that water can be efficiently managed within a river basin or watershed catchment. Integrated watershed management iwsm was taken as the basic operational unit to tackle this problem. Sustainable participatory watershed management is an approach promoted by the ethiopian government to restore natural resources and agricultural. Watershed management is not the new concept of the country because it had highly experienced indigenous peoples those have been practiced from an ancient period. This chapter illustrates sustainable development in action through the story of an integrated watershed management project in ethiopia in which the authors were. Integrated watershed management iwm is emerging as an alternative to the centrally planned and sectoral approaches that currently characterize the planning process for dam construction in ethiopia. Consequently, in ethiopia watershed management1 programs commenced in a formal way in the 1970s.
An assessment of integrated watershed management in ethiopia. Evaluation of watershed development plan and technology. Pdf an assessment of integrated watershed management in. An evaluation of watershed management practice in ethiopia. Present and future trends in natural resources management in. Ethiopia is the second most populous country in africa awulachew et al. Chena woreda has started watershed management intervention in collaboration with fao since 2008. Pdf sustainable participatory watershed management is an approach promoted by the ethiopian government to restore natural resources. Towards integrated watershed management in highland ethiopia.
Historical perspectives and present scenarios of watershed. However, its effects have not been evaluated in many micro. Integrated watershed management iwm is an advanced land management approach that has been widely implemented in tigray region of northern ethiopia since 2004. Moreover, the countrys five year 20052006 20092010 plan for accelerated sustainable. Lakes in ethiopia are often adjacent to one or more urban areas, along with farmers and other. Experiences from participatory integrated watershed m ugent biblio.
A new integrated watershed rainwater management paradigm for ethiopia key messages from the nile basin development challenge, 200920 nile bdc technical report7nile bdc technical report 3 rese arch program on water, land and ecosystems. Soil erosion by water is a major agent of land degradation in ethiopia and more specifically. Click download or read online button to get an assessment of integrated watershed management in ethiopia book now. To design suitable and effective strategies, there is need to understand watershed management approaches. Watershed management in the abayachamo basin, south. The primary objective of the research is to assess the role of community based watershed management for climate change adaptation, in the case of mariamshewito watershed in adwa. Integrated watershed and environmental management 3 june 2015 2. A watershed is defined as any surface area from which runoff resulting from rainfall is collected and drained through a common confluence point. Watershed management approaches are evolving throughout the country and are being used to solve tough problems. However, its effectiveness in rehabilitation of degraded watershed was rarely evaluated. Lessons for scaling up salah darghouth, christopher ward, gretel gambarelli, erika styger, and julienne roux the world bank, washington, dc the world bank group. Pdf evaluating an integrated watershed management in the. The implications of watershed management for reversing land. Watershed management interventions such as soil and water conservation swc andor water harvesting wh are crucial to improve the provision of goods and services of rainfed.
Watershed management experiences in amhara region, ethiopia 1. The ethiopian government has been implementing watershed management mainly through public campaign work. Venkatesan programme officer and team leader, dhan foundation, 18 pillaiyar koil street, s. Comparing the monitoring and evaluation systems of. Data were collected from 215 farm households which were selected from the four villages using a multistage sampling procedure, involving a combination of purposive and random sampling. Mccauley september 1985 based on papers presente d and discussed at a workshop held at the eastwes honolulut center, 711 january 1985.
Integrated watershed management as an effective approach to. Integrated watershed management research for developing. Comparing the monitoring and evaluation systems of watershed. The iwsm management interventions has introduced some innovations in that it has established hydro. Watershed management experiences in amhara region, ethiopia. Evaluating watershed management activities of campaign work in southern nations, nationalities and peoples regional state of ethiopia kebede wolka wolancho abstract background. Ethiopias national communitybased watershed management.
Pdf an assessment of integrated watershed management in ethiopia. Ecological benefits of integrated watershed management. A new integrated watershed rainwater management paradigm for. Investment in watershed management and improved water availability abraha atsebeha watershed, tigray, ethiopia watershed average farm size of households ha % reduction in soil loss increased production area % abraha atsbeha 0. The key points on irrigation watershed management is to handle water yields in stream for maintaining optimum quantity, quality, and flow regime in order to readyuse for irrigating, self. Amhara regional agricultural research institute arari stakeholders workshop on enhancing communitiesadaptive capacity to climate change induced water scarcity in kabe watershed, south wollo zone wollo university, dessie, ethiopia, 2425 november 2011. The watershed management project has been implemented in subdistricts out of 42 subdistricts in the woreda 10. An overview paulos dubale director, soil and water research ethiopian agricultural research organization earo, addis ababa, ethiopia. In a fourpart presentation, he shares ethiopias experiences with communitybased participatory watershed development, with case studies from around the country. Iwmi works in partnership with governments, civil society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have a tangible. On the following pages are 6 examples of successful watershed. The success stories of early watershed projects were marked as the basis of major watershed initiatives. Therefore it is important to include watershed management into efforts to reduce poverty and food insecurity in the country. However, considerable constraints are still in its way of realization.
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